What is dnp used for today

Between and , nine people are known to have died after taking DNP. Then, around , at the point when internet marketing and the craze for extreme fitness coincided, DNP sales took off again.

At first, the main users were male body builders, many of whom bought it from the owners of their gyms, who in turn had ordered in bulk from internet suppliers. Selling DNP is highly lucrative. Bought and sold online, it is an international trade, and notoriously hard to police.

They run rogue internet pharmacies. They ship DNP and mislabel it. A lot of it is sent by mail. Please be smart about how you go about it.

It never hurts to start small. Dealers present themselves as pharmacists, offering advice on dosage and how to take it along with other products. Online articles about DNP are often presented like peer-reviewed academic papers. Abigail Davies, 28, who took DNP more than a decade ago, recalls the compulsion to take extreme risks with her health. Her anorexia began when she was about nine years old, living in Swansea in an unhappy family situation.

Her parents split up and she felt rejected by her father. It convinced me it was the only voice I could really trust. Abigail was repeatedly admitted to hospital, where she was torn between wanting to recover and being avid to learn how to be better at anorexia.

You had to be the best at it. When she was 14, Abigail ordered DNP online, using a debit card to pay. Relying on advice from internet forums, she took what was recommended as a first dose. I was sweating profusely, hallucinating. I had palpitations. And I was OK with that.

She was hospitalised shortly after the DNP episode. Her recovery was long, and there were further periods in hospital, but she had reached a turning point. While she was in hospital, her mother had been put in touch with the eating disorder organisation Beat. When Abigail came out of hospital, she went to Beat as well, and now — between work as a sports reporter — volunteers for them as an ambassador, an eloquent guide to a lethal zone where the vulnerable meet the ruthless.

I thought, if it is that severe, it must be good. If it made me feel horrific, I felt I must be on track to lose more weight. One time there was a family photo being taken and he only wanted his children in it. We went our separate ways when Ella was As Ella got older, her mother, a chemistry teacher, sensed her growing unhappiness, though she did not understand it. She asked a lot and was very volatile. When she was 17, Ella told social services that her mother was emotionally abusive.

They gave her a room in a house with other young people, some of them homeless, some leaving state care. Six months later, Ella was given a one-bedroom flat in a pleasant part of Shrewsbury.

Her mother said she tried hard to keep her close. I helped her to get her car. I sorted out her garden. But she got very much worse in terms of emotional instability. She took a lot of meds. At one point she was sectioned. Her social media accounts were full of references to services for young people, including advice on how to talk to your teenage child about their feelings. She had not cut off contact with her mother. While she was studying, Ella would ask Fiona to proofread her assignments and help her with bibliographies.

In , she had a year to go before graduation. Karen Higgins has no doubt that she would. She saw in Ella someone who was probably on her way to getting a first-class degree, and who could have become an educational psychologist, a teacher or a youth worker.

Although DNP is banned in both the United States and the United Kingdom, it is still easily available for purchase online— and it's being marketed towards bodybuilders as an easy way to drop body fat, fast. With access to the drug now easier than ever, there has been a marked increase in the number of DNP-attributed deaths since the turn of the century , especially among fit, young people.

A case study from examined the case of a year-old man who died as a result of taking DNP. In a case , a teenage girl also died after purchasing DNP on the internet as a weight-loss supplement. Both people had purchased DNP online thinking it was a "safe" weight-loss aid, despite a nearly year rule that has deemed DNP highly dangerous and unfit for human consumption. While it can be tempting to buy a pill that claims to make your fat disappear , know that it's indeed too good to be true.

Your body will thank you for taking a much more practical and safe approach to long-term weight loss— eating right and exercising regularly. However, certain online vendors continue to sell the drug while using sophisticated methods to hide their identity from federal agents. Looking to the future, DNP cannot be banned outright in either the UK or the United States because of its legitimate use as a fertilizer and in the manufacturing of explosives and dyes.

So, the fight against its illegal sale online may continue to remain an ongoing struggle. May 7, Alana Hippensteele, Editor. Accessed May 6, DNP 2,4-Dinitrophenol has a variety of industrial uses, including as a photographic chemical, a fertilizer and in the manufacturing of dyes and explosives.

It causes weight loss by burning fat and carbohydrates, in turn causing energy to be converted into heat. Those who have taken the drug experience an increase in temperature and metabolic rate, which can prove fatal. Simon Thomas, professor of clinical pharmacology and therapeutics at Newcastle University, says blocking the storage of energy in cells, which stops the production of fat, might seem attractive - but he warns that DNP is highly toxic.

It's extremely dangerous," he says. Signs of acute poisoning include vomiting, flushed skin, sweating, dizziness, headaches and irregular heartbeat. Prof Thomas says it's been known for many years that DNP can help people lose weight.

It was used by doctors in the mids as a treatment for obese patients, but because of its adverse effects it was banned in the US in and declared unfit for human consumption. He explains that it's a very difficult process to reverse and patients can go from being "ambulant and well", to being seriously ill or even dying within a few hours. It's impossible to know the true scale of the consumption of any illegal substance as both users and suppliers hide their activity, the Food Standards Agency FSA said.

The FSA believes this group of users can be particularly hard to reach, and many bodybuilders still wrongly believe they can consume DNP safely as part of a fat-burning regime. Eating disorders: Information and support. Four people were jailed in connection with Mr Cleathero's death over the supply of steroids, which are class C drugs.